How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in....HELP!!!!

[aknous01]

I'm very new at chemistry and I cant get a grip on some of the info yet so therefore my question is how many protons, neutrons and electrons are in 1 atom of iodine -127
1 atom of hydrogen -3
1 27AL+3 ion
1 19F-1 ion

I cant figure this out no matter what I look at or who I ask, PLEASE HELP ME!!!!!!!!! PLEASE

[sharan]

Lets start with general case, There is an element with some atomic mass and atomic number. So now, this atomic number is the first thing you are going to look at. Because the atomic number is going to tell you how many electrons and protons are there in 1 atom of element.
You have 3 cases,
Case 1: Neutral element such as C,N,O etc.
Number of electrons= Number of protons=Atomic Number

In an positively charged element, such as H+ (has 1 positive)
Number of protons = Atomic Number
Number of Electrons=Atomic Number - Positive charge (such as +1, +2 or +3)

In an Negatively charged element, such as O-2 (has 2 negative)
Number of protons = Atomic Number
Number of Electrons=Atomic Number + Negative charge (such as -1, -2 or -3)

So the point here is that when you have postive charged element, it means the element has lost that many electrons as the number of positve charge and in case of negative charge you are adding into atomic number because the element has gained the electrons.

NOW the next thing is to find out the number of neutrons which is very simple:

Number of nuetrons= ATomic Mass- Number of protons


Okie in Iodine 127 Atomic number is 53 Atomic Mass is 127
Note that its neutral with no charge on Iodine

SO you have
Number of electrons=Number of protons= Atomic number= 53
Number of neutrons= Atomic Mass- Number of protons
= 127- 53 = 74


In Hydrogen Atomic number is 1 Atomic mass is 3 (given)
Its neutral
Number of electrons=Number of protons= atomic number= 1
Number of Neutrons= Atomic Mass- Number of protons
= 3 - 1 = 2

For Al(+3) Atomic number 13 Atomic mass=27
Notice its positively charged (you must subtract)
Number of protons= atomic number= 13
Number of electron= Atomic number - Positive charge= 13-3= 10
Number of Neutrons= Atomic Mass- Number of protons
= 27 - 13 = 14

For F(-1) Atomic number=9 Atomic mass= 19
Notice its negatively charged (you must add)
Number of protons= atomic number= 9
Number of electron= Atomic number + Negative charge= 9+1=10
Number of Neutrons= Atomic Mass - Number of Protons
= 19-9 = 10

So you done... yayyyyyy lol

Lets give you summary lol
Neutral element.
Number of Protons = Atomic Number
Number of Electrons = Number of Protons = Atomic Number
Number of Neutrons = Mass Number - Atomic Numberor (or protons)

Positively charged element.
Number of Protons = Atomic Number
Number of Electrons = Atomic Number - Number of positive charge
Number of Neutrons = Mass Number - Atomic Number (or protons)

Negatively charged element.
Number of Protons = Atomic Number
Number of Electrons = Atomic Number + Number of negative charge
Number of Neutrons = Mass Number - Atomic Number (or protons)

So do remember in positively charged, to find electron you are subtracitng and in negatively charged you are adding (JUST THE OPPOSITE OF THE CHARGE)

And lastly dont confuse yourself with terms element or atom.. because iodine is an element with all same kind of atoms. and in our case we are considering only one of the atom and each atom has its neutrons , protons and electrons.
Hope this helps. Took me pretty long to write all this. Make sure you say thanks jus kidding...


-Sharan

[aknous01]

Sharan:
Hey I just wanted to say thank you very much for your help with this, it is greatly appreciated. This isn't going to be the last that you hear from me, there are going to be plenty of other times. Thanks again!!!
Amanda