Foods containing tyramine

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This is a list of foods containing tyramine. Tyramine is an amine which causes elevated blood pressure and tachycardia by displacing norepinephrine from storage vesicles. Tyramine is generally produced by decarboxylation of the amino acid tyrosine during fermentation of food products. All protein-rich foods which have been matured will contain more tyramine depending on the temperature and how long they have been stored. Properly refrigerated foods will not be affected
The amount required to cause a 30 mmHg (4.0 kPa) increase in systolic blood pressure is referred to as TYR₃₀, and generally averages around 500 mg in an unmedicated, healthy individual. A class of antidepressants called MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors), and particularly MAOIs that inhibit the isozyme MAO-A, can increase the sensitivity to tyramine if taken orally. If sufficient quantities of tyramine are ingested after MAO-A inhibition, hypertensive crises may occur, potentially causing stroke or cardiac arrhythmia. There is disputed evidence that tyramine may trigger migraines in sensitive individuals.